Mechanical telephone



(No Model.)

' E. W. WARREN.

MECHANICAL TELEPHONE.

No. 501,388. Patented July 11, 1893.

. y 4 W I I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWVIN "W. WVARREN, OF TYRINGHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

MECHANICAL TELEPHONE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 501,388, dated July 11, 1893.

Application filedf'ebruary 27, 1893. Serial No. 463,865. (No model.)

To wZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN W. WARREN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Tyringham, in the county of Berkshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Mechanical Telephones; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in mechanical telephones and the object of the invention is to provide a compact and simple apparatus in which the ringing sound of the wire and the roaring sound noticed when using apparatus of this kind, as commonly constructed, in heavy winds or storms, are overcome.

With these ends in view my invention consists in the details of construction and peculiar arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter fully pointed out and claimed.

I have illustrated my improvements in the accompanying drawings, in Which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a telephone transmitter and receiver constructed in accordance with my invention. Figr2 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional View on the line :0 cc of Fig. 1.

Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in the several figures of the drawings, referring to which-- A designates the exterior shell or case of my improved combined transmitter and receiver. The interior of the shell or casing, A, is divided into two compartments by a metallic diaphragm, O, which is firmly secured to one side of a wooden ring, D, a composite diaphragm, G, composed of an outer layer or disk of metal, preferably roofing tin, E, and an inner layer or disk, F, of raw hide, being secured to the opposite side of the ring D. A sound box is thus formed by the ring, D, and diaphragms, O, O; and the said ring, D, is rigidly attached to the inner side of the cover or top of the casing or shell, by means of nails, screws or other suitable fastening means.

Through central aligned openings in the diaphrag1ns,0, O, is passed the main line wire, 11, and the outer end of said wire passes through an enlarged opening in the cover or top, G, of the casing A, and to such end is attached a button, K, which fits in said opening in the cover G and contacts with the upper metallic disk of the diaphragm, O. This button K, is preferably composed of a composition of tin and lead and 011 its lower or inner surface, where it contacts with the diaphragm C it is provided with a soft or elastic pad preferably composed of a thin disk of leather.

The line wire, H, extends through a parch ment cover 13 secured across the inner end of a passage or opening formed in the bottom of the casing, A, for the purpose of confining sound vibrations within said casing; and at its other end said wire is connected with an other transmitter similar to that hereinbefore described.

The ear cup or receiver, M, of my improved telephone is supported at the outer end of a tube, N, the inner end of which extends through the wall of the casing, A, into the chamber formed therein below the sound box. To the main line wire, H, at a point between the diaphragm, O, and the bottom of the casin g, A, is attached an auxiliary Wire, H, which extends from said main wire into the inner end of the tube, N, and is designed to conduct the vibrations of the main wire direct to said tube. The branch or auxiliary wire, 11, is preferably composed of a single piece which is bent upon itself, at an intermediate point of its length, to provide an eye or loop through which the ma n wire, l-I, extends, and one member of said auxiliary wire extends directly into the inner end of the tube N, while the other member of said wire is coiled around such straight member and also enters the inner end of said receiving tube.

On an arm, 0, attached to the inner wall of the casing, A, is fulcrumed a signal hammer, O, and said hammer is provided at its outer end with a thumb piece, P, and the inner end of said hammer is bent upwardly to form a contact arm which is adapted to pass through an opening formed in the lower metallic diaphragm C, at one side of the opening formed in said diaphragm for the passage of the line wire, H, and contact with the lower raw hide disk of the diaphragm, C. The signal hammer is normally maintained in the position shown in Fig. 1 by means of a flat spring arm,

' end of the sound box, of two equal layers of metal and raw hide the ringing sound commonly experienced when using telephones of this class employing solid metallic diaphragms is overcome, and the tone of the instrument made much clearer.

From the foregoing description and the drawings it will be seen that I have provided a very simple and compact apparatus for receiving and transmitting sounds and which will be free from the objections made against the forms of apparatus for the same purpose now in use.

Having thus described my improvements, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a mechanical telephone a diaphragm composed of adjacent disks of metal and raw hide, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a mechanical telephone, the combination with an inclosing shell, of the connected ring and diaphragms seated within said shell and forming therewith a sound box, said diaphragms being secured on opposite sides of the ring and one of the diaphragms composed of fiat layers of metal and rawhide, and a line wire extending through the sound box and connected with the composite diaphragm,for the purposes described, substantially as set forth.

8. In a mechanical telephone, the combination with an inclosin g shell, of awooden ring secured within the shell, a metallic diaphragm attached to one side of the ring, another diaphragm, composed of alayer of raw hide and a metallic layer, attached to the other side of said ring, a line wire extending through the inclosing shell and the diaphragms therein and having at its end a button which rests 011 the metallic surface of the composite diaphragm, and a receiving tube extending through the wall of the inclosing shell substantially as described.

4. In a mechanical telephone, the combination with an inclosing shell, of a sound box consisting of a wooden ring and metallic disks attached to opposite sides of said ring, one of said disks having a raw hide disk attached to its inner surface, and a signal hammer having an arm adapted to pass through one of the disks of the sound box and contact with the raw hide lining of the other disk, substantially as described.

5. In a mechanical telephone, the combination with an inclosing case, a sound box arranged within the case, a line wire extending through the sound box, and a receiving tube entering the inclosing shell at one side of the sound box therein, of an auxiliary or branch wire bent upon itself to form an eye or loop to receive the main wire and having one member extending in a straight line into the inner end of the receiving tube and its other member coiled about said straight memher and also entering the inner end of the receiving tube, substantially as described.

In testimony whereofl ailix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDIVIN WV. \VARREN.

Witnesses:

J. E. STEWART, FRANK S. NEAL. 

